PHP Variables

Variables are containers for storing data and always start with a dollar sign.

Syntax$variableName = value;

A variable in PHP starts with the $ sign, followed by the name of the variable.

Naming rules

  • A variable name must start with a letter or underscore.
  • It can only contain letters, numbers and underscores.
  • Names are case-sensitive.

PHP has no command to declare a variable — it is created the moment you first assign a value to it.

Example

Try it yourself
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When to use it

  • Storing user input from a form ($_POST) before you validate or save it.
  • Holding an intermediate result, like a running total accumulated inside a loop.
  • Reading a config value once and reusing it across the rest of a script.

More examples

Declare once, reuse later

Variables begin with $ and can be combined in later expressions.

Example · php
<?php
$price = 20;
$qty   = 3;
$total = $price * $qty;
echo "Total: $" . $total;

Loosely typed — the type follows the value

PHP infers the type from the assigned value, and it may change at runtime.

Example · php
<?php
$data = 42;       // int
$data = "hello";  // now a string
echo $data;

Variable variables

$$name uses the value of $name ('score') as the variable's name.

Example · php
<?php
$name  = "score";
$$name = 100;
echo $score; // 100

Discussion

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