HTML Document Structure

Understand the required parts of every HTML document.

Syntax<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> ... </head> <body> ... </body> </html>

All HTML documents share the same basic structure. Each part has a specific job.

The main parts

  • <!DOCTYPE html> — tells the browser this is an HTML5 document.
  • <html> — the root element that wraps the whole page.
  • <head> — holds information about the page (title, metadata).
  • <body> — holds the visible content of the page.

Content that appears on the screen goes inside the <body>.

Example

Try it yourself
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When to use it

  • A freelancer sets up the correct DOCTYPE and root element before writing any page content.
  • A QA engineer checks that every page in a site begins with <!DOCTYPE html> to avoid quirks mode rendering.
  • A teacher explains the required document shell to students starting their first HTML project.

More examples

The DOCTYPE declaration

The <!DOCTYPE html> declaration tells the browser to render in standards mode.

Example · html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>

Head vs body sections

Shows that <head> carries metadata and resources while <body> holds visible page content.

Example · html
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>My Site</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
</head>
<body>
  <h1>Welcome</h1>
</body>

Complete document with charset and viewport

A production-ready document shell with character encoding, viewport, title, and favicon.

Example · html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>Product Page</title>
  <link rel="icon" href="favicon.ico">
</head>
<body>
  <h1>Our Product</h1>
  <p>Crafted with care.</p>
</body>
</html>

Discussion

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